Place the egg whites into the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with a whisk attachment (or large mixing bowl with a beater), and whisk on high speed until stiff peaks form.
Pour the sugar and water into a small saucepan, and cook over medium heat, without stirring, until it reaches 240ºF. This usually takes about 5-6 minutes from the time it begins to boil. Immediately pour the hot sugar syrup in a slow, steady stream into the whipped egg whites, with the mixer running on medium speed; try to avoid hitting the whisk attachment.
Once all the sugar syrup has been added, add the cream of tartar, lemon juice, and vanilla. Continue beating the meringue on high speed for 7-9 minutes, or until it’s cooled to room temperature and glossy peaks form.
Using a spatula, spread the meringue evenly on top of the chilled pie filling. Use a kitchen torch to toast the meringue, or place the pie under the broiler, watching closely so it does not burn.
Serve within 6 hours, keeping chilled until ready to serve.